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English type: lisp
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
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English Chinese (Simplified) (zh_CN) Actions
(use-modules (srfi srfi-34) ;for 'guard'
(guix build utils))

(use-modules (srfi srfi-34) ;用于 'guard'
(guix build utils))

(guard (c ((invoke-error? c)
(report-invoke-error c)))
(invoke "date" "--imaginary-option"))

(guard (c ((invoke-error? c)
(report-invoke-error c)))
(invoke "date" "--imaginary-option"))

@print{} command "date" "--imaginary-option" failed with status 1
@print{} 命令 "date" "--imaginary-option" 失败，状态为 1
{Procedure} invoke/quiet program args@dots{}
{Procedure} invoke/quiet program args@dots{}
Invoke @var{program} with @var{args} and capture @var{program}'s standard output and standard error. If @var{program} succeeds, print nothing and return the unspecified value; otherwise, raise a @code{&message} error condition that includes the status code and the output of @var{program}.
使用 @var{args} 调用 @var{program} 并捕获 @var{program} 的标准输出和标准错误。如果 @var{program} 成功，则不打印任何内容并返回未指定的值；否则，抛出一个 @code{&message} 错误条件，其中包含状态代码和 @var{program} 的输出。
Here's an example:
这是一个示例：
(use-modules (srfi srfi-34) ;for 'guard'
(srfi srfi-35) ;for 'message-condition?'
(guix build utils))

(use-modules (srfi srfi-34) ;用于 'guard'
(srfi srfi-35) ;用于 'message-condition?'
(guix build utils))

(guard (c ((message-condition? c)
(display (condition-message c))))
(invoke/quiet "date") ;all is fine
(invoke/quiet "date" "--imaginary-option"))

(guard (c ((message-condition? c)
(display (condition-message c))))
(invoke/quiet "date") ;一切正常
(invoke/quiet "date" "--imaginary-option"))

@print{} 'date --imaginary-option' exited with status 1; output follows:

@print{} 'date --imaginary-option' 以状态 1 退出；输出如下：

date: unrecognized option '--imaginary-option'
Try 'date --help' for more information.
date: 未识别的选项 '--imaginary-option'
请尝试 'date --help' 获取更多信息。
The @code{(guix build utils)} also contains tools to manipulate build phases as used by build systems (@pxref{Build Systems}). Build phases are represented as association lists or ``alists'' (@pxref{Association Lists,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}) where each key is a symbol naming the phase and the associated value is a procedure (@pxref{Build Phases}).
@code{(guix build utils)} 还包含用于操作构建阶段的工具，这些工具由构建系统使用 (@pxref{Build Systems})。构建阶段表示为关联列表或“alists”（@pxref{Association Lists,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}），其中每个键是命名阶段的符号，关联值是一个过程 (@pxref{Build Phases})。
Guile core and the @code{(srfi srfi-1)} module both provide tools to manipulate alists. The @code{(guix build utils)} module complements those with tools written with build phases in mind.
Guile 核心和 @code{(srfi srfi-1)} 模块都提供了操作 alists 的工具。 @code{(guix build utils)} 模块补充了这些工具，考虑了构建阶段。
build phases, modifying
构建后台进程
modify-phases phases clause@dots{}
modify-phases phases clause@dots{}
Modify @var{phases} sequentially as per each @var{clause}, which may have one of the following forms:
根据每个 @var{clause} 顺序修改 @var{phases}，其形式可能为以下之一：
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
Where every @var{phase-name} above is an expression evaluating to a symbol, and @var{new-phase} an expression evaluating to a procedure.
上述每个 @var{phase-name} 是一个求值为符号的表达式，@var{new-phase} 是一个求值为过程的表达式。
The example below is taken from the definition of the @code{grep} package. It adds a phase to run after the @code{install} phase, called @code{fix-egrep-and-fgrep}. That phase is a procedure (@code{lambda*} is for anonymous procedures) that takes a @code{#:outputs} keyword argument and ignores extra keyword arguments (@pxref{Optional Arguments,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}, for more on @code{lambda*} and optional and keyword arguments.) The phase uses @code{substitute*} to modify the installed @file{egrep} and @file{fgrep} scripts so that they refer to @code{grep} by its absolute file name:
下面的示例取自 @code{grep} 包的定义。它添加了一个在 @code{install} 阶段之后运行的阶段，称为 @code{fix-egrep-and-fgrep}。该阶段是一个过程（@code{lambda*} 用于匿名过程），接受一个 @code{#:outputs} 关键字参数，并忽略额外的关键字参数（有关 @code{lambda*} 及可选和关键字参数的更多信息，请参见 @pxref{Optional Arguments,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}）。该阶段使用 @code{substitute*} 修改已安装的 @file{egrep} 和 @file{fgrep} 脚本，使其通过绝对文件名引用 @code{grep}：
(modify-phases %standard-phases
(add-after 'install 'fix-egrep-and-fgrep
;; Patch 'egrep' and 'fgrep' to execute 'grep' via its
;; absolute file name instead of searching for it in $PATH.
(lambda* (#:key outputs #:allow-other-keys)
(let* ((out (assoc-ref outputs "out"))
(bin (string-append out "/bin")))
(substitute* (list (string-append bin "/egrep")
(string-append bin "/fgrep"))
(("^exec grep")
(string-append "exec " bin "/grep")))))))
(modify-phases %standard-phases
(add-after 'install 'fix-egrep-and-fgrep
;; 修补 'egrep' 和 'fgrep' 以通过其
;; 绝对文件名执行 'grep'，而不是在 $PATH 中搜索它。
(lambda* (#:key outputs #:allow-other-keys)
(let* ((out (assoc-ref outputs "out"))
(bin (string-append out "/bin")))
(substitute* (list (string-append bin "/egrep")
(string-append bin "/fgrep"))
(("^exec grep")
(string-append "exec " bin "/grep")))))))
In the example below, phases are modified in two ways: the standard @code{configure} phase is deleted, presumably because the package does not have a @file{configure} script or anything similar, and the default @code{install} phase is replaced by one that manually copies the executable files to be installed:
在下面的示例中，阶段以两种方式被修改：标准的 @code{configure} 阶段被删除，可能是因为该包没有 @file{configure} 脚本或类似的东西，默认的 @code{install} 阶段被一个手动复制要安装的可执行文件的阶段替换：
(modify-phases %standard-phases
(delete 'configure) ;no 'configure' script
(replace 'install
(lambda* (#:key outputs #:allow-other-keys)
;; The package's Makefile doesn't provide an "install"
;; rule so do it by ourselves.
(let ((bin (string-append (assoc-ref outputs "out")
"/bin")))
(install-file "footswitch" bin)
(install-file "scythe" bin)))))
(modify-phases %standard-phases
(delete 'configure) ;没有 'configure' 脚本
(replace 'install
(lambda* (#:key outputs #:allow-other-keys)
;; 该软件包的 Makefile 没有提供 "install"
;; 规则，所以我们自己来做。
(let ((bin (string-append (assoc-ref outputs "out")
"/bin")))
(install-file "footswitch" bin)
(install-file "scythe" bin)))))
Wrappers
包装器
program wrappers
程序包装器
wrapping programs
包装程序
It is not unusual for a command to require certain environment variables to be set for proper functioning, typically search paths (@pxref{Search Paths}). Failing to do that, the command might fail to find files or other commands it relies on, or it might pick the ``wrong'' ones---depending on the environment in which it runs. Examples include:
命令需要设置某些环境变量以正常运行并不罕见，通常是搜索路径 (@pxref{Search Paths})。 如果不这样做，命令可能无法找到它依赖的文件或其他命令，或者可能选择“错误”的命令——这取决于它运行的环境。 示例包括：
a shell script that assumes all the commands it uses are in @env{PATH};
一个假设它使用的所有命令都在 @env{PATH} 中的 shell 脚本；
a Guile program that assumes all its modules are in @env{GUILE_LOAD_PATH} and @env{GUILE_LOAD_COMPILED_PATH};
一个假设它的所有模块都在 @env{GUILE_LOAD_PATH} 和 @env{GUILE_LOAD_COMPILED_PATH} 中的 Guile 程序；
a Qt application that expects to find certain plugins in @env{QT_PLUGIN_PATH}.
一个期望在 @env{QT_PLUGIN_PATH} 中找到某些插件的 Qt 应用程序。
For a package writer, the goal is to make sure commands always work the same rather than depend on some external settings. One way to achieve that is to @dfn{wrap} commands in a thin script that sets those environment variables, thereby ensuring that those run-time dependencies are always found. The wrapper would be used to set @env{PATH}, @env{GUILE_LOAD_PATH}, or @env{QT_PLUGIN_PATH} in the examples above.
对于软件包编写者来说，目标是确保命令始终以相同的方式工作，而不是依赖某些外部设置。 实现这一目标的一种方法是 @dfn{包装} 命令在一个薄脚本中，该脚本设置这些环境变量，从而确保这些运行时依赖项始终被找到。 包装器将用于在上述示例中设置 @env{PATH}、@env{GUILE_LOAD_PATH} 或 @env{QT_PLUGIN_PATH}。
To ease that task, the @code{(guix build utils)} module provides a couple of helpers to wrap commands.
为了简化该任务，@code{(guix build utils)} 模块提供了一些帮助程序来包装命令。
{Procedure} wrap-program program [#:sh sh] [#:rest variables]
{Procedure} wrap-program program [#:sh sh] [#:rest variables]

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User avatar pelzflorian

Translation uploaded
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
21 hours ago
User avatar clsty

Translation uploaded
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(delete @var{old-phase-name})
(replace @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-before @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
(add-after @var{old-phase-name} @var{new-phase-name} @var{new-phase})
5 days ago
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6537429 String information

Source string description
type: lisp
Flags
ignore-same, no-wrap
Source string location
guix-git/doc/guix.texi:10995
String age
4 years ago
Last updated
21 hours ago
Source string age
4 years ago
Translation file
po/doc/guix-manual.zh_CN.po, string 4066