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Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
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How it's made
Como é feito
This page attempts to document how Fedora Asahi Remix is put together. Useful prerequisites to read before this:
Esta página tenta documentar como o Fedora Asahi Remix é montado. Pré-requisitos úteis para ler antes disto:
our xref:deviations.adoc[Deviations] page, documenting where the Remix deviates from Fedora Linux and why
nossa página xref:deviations.adoc[Desvios], documentando onde o Remix se desvia do Fedora Linux e por quê
https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Introduction-to-Apple-Silicon[Introduction to Apple Silicon], which covers some of this platform peculiarities
https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Introduction-to-Apple-Silicon[Introdução ao Apple Silicon], que aborda algumas das peculiaridades desta plataforma
https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Open-OS-Ecosystem-on-Apple-Silicon-Macs[Open OS Ecosystem on Apple Silicon Macs], which explains the boot process and how the OS is laid out
https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Open-OS-Ecosystem-on-Apple-Silicon-Macs[Open OS Ecosystem em Macs da Apple Silicon], que explica o processo de inicialização e como o sistema operacional é organizado
Throughout this document, components hosted outside of Fedora infrastructure will be marked with a ⚠️.
Ao longo deste documento, os componentes hospedados fora da infraestrutura do Fedora serão marcados com um ⚠️.
Packages
Pacotes
The https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SIGs/Asahi[Fedora Asahi SIG] maintains a number of packages that are required for plaform enablement, integration and implementation. As many of these as possible are maintained in Fedora itself under the https://src.fedoraproject.org/group/asahi-sig[`asahi-sig`] FAS group. This isn't an option for https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-asahi-remix/deviations/#_downstream_packages_required_for_platform_enablement_are_included[some packages] ⚠️, and those are maintained in https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org[copr] instead, under the https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/groups/g/asahi/coprs/[`@asahi`] group.
O https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SIGs/Asahi[Fedora Asahi SIG] mantém uma série de pacotes que são necessários para a habilitação, integração e implementação da plataforma. O máximo possível deles é mantido no próprio Fedora sob o grupo FAS https://src.fedoraproject.org/group/asahi-sig[`asahi-sig`]. Esta não é uma opção para https://docs.fedoraproject.org/pt_BR/fedora-asahi-remix/deviations/#_downstream_packages_required_for_platform_enablement_are_included[alguns pacotes] ⚠️, e esses são mantidos em https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org[copr] em vez disso, sob o grupo https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/groups/g/asahi/coprs/[`@asahi`].
Installation
Instalação
Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
 
The installer is delivered in `asahi-installer-package`; its build process relies on two prebuilt macOS binary artifacts (Python and libffi), which have received a https://pagure.io/fesco/issue/3212[FESCo exception] to the https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/packaging-guidelines/what-can-be-packaged/#prebuilt-binaries-or-libraries[prebuilt policy]. The https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`] source package also provides `python3-asahi_firmware`, which is used by https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-scripts[`asahi-scripts`] for firmware management in userspace.
 
Boot process ⚠️
 
After the installation the system boots into Linux by default. The boot flow starts with https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/m1n1[`m1n1`]; its stage 1, which was placed by the installer, is responsible for finding and executing the stage 2 from the EFI partition. The main difference between stage 1 and stage 2 is that the former is rarely updated (as the process requires running the installer again and going through recoveryOS), while the latter is distributed by Fedora in the `m1n1` binary package and updated together with the distro (via `update-m1n1` in https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-scripts[`asahi-scripts`]).
 
Once it's done with platform initialization, `m1n1` will find https://pagure.io/fedora-asahi/uboot-tools[`u-boot`] ⚠️ and pass control to it. U-Boot acts as the third stage bootloader, performing some more platform initialization and providing a minimal preboot environment. In the default flow, U-Boot is setup to provide an emulated UEFI environment, which is used to load GRUB. From here on the boot flow is the standard Fedora Linux one.
 
Firmware
 
Apple Silicon machines rely on a large number of firmware blobs to work. Firmware collection is implemented in https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`]. Firmware is then loaded as needed in the initramfs via `dracut-asahi`, which is part of https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-scripts[`asahi-scripts`]. An `asahi-fwupdate` package is also provided (also from https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-scripts[`asahi-scripts`]) to apply firmware updates on the Linux side in case new firmware becomes available.
 
The Asahi Linux project has https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Open-OS-Ecosystem-on-Apple-Silicon-Macs#firmware-provisioning[in-depth documentation] of the firmare provisioning process, which is meant to be standardized between distributions.
 
Kernel and userspace drivers ⚠️
 
The https://gitlab.com/fedora-asahi/kernel-asahi[kernel package] ⚠️ for Fedora Asahi Remix is maintained as a downstream fork of https://gitlab.com/cki-project/kernel-ark[kernel-ark], including patches from the upstream https://github.com/AsahiLinux/linux[Asahi Linux tree]. Asahi Linux also maintains a https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Feature-Support[detailed tracker] of the upstreaming status for every component.
 
The GPU driver also has a userspace counterpart in the https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/asahi.html[asahi driver] in https://pagure.io/fedora-asahi/mesa/[mesa] ⚠️. This is tightly coupled with the AGX driver in the kernel.
 
Audio
 
Apple Silicon machines have a complex speaker setup that requires speaker protection to be safe and a dedicated DSP chain to sound good. This is implemented by https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-audio[`asahi-audio`], which leverages https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rust-bankstown-lv2[`rust-bankstown-lv2`] for bass enhancement and https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rust-speakersafetyd[`rust-speakersafetyd`] for speaker protection, plus https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/alsa-ucm-asahi[`alsa-ucm-asahi`] and https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rust-alsa[`rust-alsa`]. PipeWire and WirePlumber have also been enhanced to create the correct virtual audio devices and present them to the user in an understandable way.
 
Touch Bar
 
Some Apple Silicon Macbooks have a https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/touch-bar[Touch Bar] taking the place of the first row of the keyboard. On Linux this is presented as a regular (albeit odd-sized) display, and it can be driven as such. To make it useful https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rust-tiny-dfr[`rust-tiny-dfr`] renders a set of function keys on it, mimicking what would be available on a physical keyboard.
 
Media playback and codecs
 
User avatar mt:weblate-translation-memory

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O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.

Suggested change:

O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.
4 months ago

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User avatar mt:weblate-translation-memory

Suggestion added
Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.
4 months ago
User avatar None

String updated in the repository
Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.
4 months ago
User avatar rffontenelle

Translation added
Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.
4 months ago
User avatar None

String added in the repository
Fedora Asahi Remix is installed by the https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], which runs from macOS and guides the user through the installation process. The installation involves resizing partitions, installing a stripped-down standalone copy of macOS and laying the Remix image on disk; the system is then rebooted into recoveryOS, where the the installer second stage takes over and guides the user to adjusting the security settings for the standalone macOS and replacing its kernel with the bundled m1n1 (which comes from the `m1n1-stage1` package), which will later act as a first stage bootloader for the installed system.
 
4 months ago
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Previous translation was "O Fedora Asahi Remix é instalado pelo https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/asahi-installer[`asahi-installer`], que funciona no macOS e guia o usuário pelo processo de instalação. A instalação envolve redimensionar partições, instalar uma cópia autônoma simplificada do macOS e colocar a imagem do Remix no disco; o sistema é então reinicializado no recoveryOS, onde o segundo estágio do instalador assume e guia o usuário para ajustar as configurações de segurança para o macOS autônomo e substituir seu kernel pelo m1n1 empacotado (que vem do pacote `m1n1-stage1`), que mais tarde atuará como um carregador de inicialização (bootloader) de primeiro estágio para o sistema instalado.".

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18226375 String information

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type: Plain text
Source string location
pages/how-its-made.adoc:18
String age
4 months ago
Last updated
4 months ago
Source string age
4 months ago
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po/pt_BR/master/pages/how-its-made.po, string 10