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~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
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System Monitoring Tools
Alat Pemantauan Sistem
indexterm:[system information,gathering]indexterm:[information,about your system] In order to configure the system, system administrators often need to determine the amount of free memory, how much free disk space is available, how the hard drive is partitioned, or what processes are running.
indexterm:[informasi sistem,mengumpulkan]indexterm:[informasi,tentang sistem Anda] Untuk mengonfigurasi sistem, administrator sistem sering perlu menentukan banyaknya memori bebas, berapa banyak ruang disk kosong yang tersedia, bagaimana hard drive dipartisi, atau proses apa yang sedang berjalan.
Viewing System Processes
Melihat Proses Sistem
indexterm:[system information,processes]indexterm:[processes]
indexterm:[informasi sistem,proses]indexterm:[proses]
Using the ps Command
Menggunakan Perintah ps
indexterm:[ps] The [command]#ps# command allows you to display information about running processes. It produces a static list, that is, a snapshot of what is running when you execute the command. If you want a constantly updated list of running processes, use the [command]#top# command or the [application]*System Monitor* application instead.
indexterm:[ps] Perintah [command]#ps# memungkinkan Anda untuk menampilkan informasi tentang proses yang sedang berjalan. Ini menghasilkan daftar statis, yaitu snapshot dari apa yang berjalan ketika Anda menjalankan perintah. Jika Anda menginginkan daftar proses berjalan yang terus diperbarui, gunakan perintah [command]#top# atau aplikasi [application]*Pemantau Sistem*.
To list all processes that are currently running on the system including processes owned by other users, type the following at a shell prompt:
Untuk mencantumkan semua proses yang saat ini berjalan pada sistem termasuk proses yang dimiliki oleh pengguna lain, ketik hal berikut ini di prompt shell:
[command]#ps# [option]`ax`
[command]#ps# [opsi]`ax`
For each listed process, the [command]#ps ax# command displays the process ID (`PID`), the terminal that is associated with it (`TTY`), the current status (`STAT`), the cumulated CPU time (`TIME`), and the name of the executable file (`COMMAND`). For example:
Untuk setiap proses yang tercantum, perintah [command]#ps ax# menampilkan ID proses (`PID`), terminal yang terkait dengannya (`TTY`), status saat ini (`STAT`), waktu CPU yang terakumulasi (`TIME`), dan nama berkas yang dapat dieksekusi (`COMMAND`). Misalnya:
~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
To display the owner alongside each process, use the following command:
Untuk menampilkan pemilik di samping setiap proses, gunakan perintah berikut:
[command]#ps# [option]`aux`
[command]#ps# [option]`aux`
Apart from the information provided by the [command]#ps ax# command, [command]#ps aux# displays the effective username of the process owner (`USER`), the percentage of the CPU (`%CPU`) and memory (`%MEM`) usage, the virtual memory size in kilobytes (`VSZ`), the non-swapped physical memory size in kilobytes (`RSS`), and the time or date the process was started. For instance:
Terlepas dari informasi yang diberikan oleh perintah [command]#ps ax#, [command]#ps aux# menampilkan nama pengguna yang efektif dari pemilik proses (`USER`), persentase penggunaan CPU (`%CPU`) dan memori (`%MEM`), ukuran memori virtual dalam kilobyte (`VSZ`), ukuran memori fisik yang tidak di-swap dalam kilobyte (`RSS`), dan waktu atau tanggal proses dimulai. Misalnya:
~]$ [command]#ps aux#
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.3 53128 2988 ? Ss 13:28 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
~]$ [command]#ps aux#
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.3 53128 2988 ? Ss 13:28 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
You can also use the [command]#ps# command in a combination with [command]#grep# to see if a particular process is running. For example, to determine if [application]*Emacs* is running, type:
Anda juga dapat menggunakan perintah [command]#ps# dalam kombinasi dengan [command]#grep# untuk melihat apakah proses tertentu sedang berjalan. Misalnya, untuk menentukan apakah [aplikasi]*Emacs* sedang berjalan, ketik:
~]$ [command]#ps ax | grep emacs#
2625 ? Sl 0:00 emacs
~]$ [command]#ps ax | grep emacs#
2625 ? Sl 0:00 emacs
For a complete list of available command line options, refer to the *ps*(1) manual page.
Untuk daftar lengkap opsi baris perintah yang tersedia, lihat halaman manual *ps*(1).
Using the top Command
Menggunakan Perintah top
indexterm:[system information,processes,currently running]indexterm:[top] The [command]#top# command displays a real-time list of processes that are running on the system. It also displays additional information about the system uptime, current CPU and memory usage, or total number of running processes, and allows you to perform actions such as sorting the list or killing a process.
indexterm:[informasi siste,proses,sedang berjalan]indexterm:[top] Perintah [command]#top# menampilkan daftar real-time proses yang berjalan pada sistem. Ini juga menampilkan informasi tambahan tentang uptime sistem, cpu saat ini dan penggunaan memori, atau cacah total proses yang berjalan, dan memungkinkan Anda untuk melakukan tindakan seperti menyortir daftar atau membunuh proses.
To run the [command]#top# command, type the following at a shell prompt:
Untuk menjalankan perintah [command]#top#, ketik yang berikut ini pada prompt shell:
[command]#top#
[command]#top#
For each listed process, the [command]#top# command displays the process ID (`PID`), the effective username of the process owner (`USER`), the priority (`PR`), the nice value (`NI`), the amount of virtual memory the process uses (`VIRT`), the amount of non-swapped physical memory the process uses (`RES`), the amount of shared memory the process uses (`SHR`), the percentage of the CPU (`%CPU`) and memory (`%MEM`) usage, the cumulated CPU time (`TIME+`), and the name of the executable file (`COMMAND`). For example:
Untuk setiap proses yang tercantum, perintah [command]#top# menampilkan ID proses (`PID`), nama pengguna efektif pemilik proses (`USER`), prioritas (`PR`), nilai bagus (`NI`), banyaknya memori virtual yang digunakan proses (`VIRT`), banyaknya memori fisik yang tidak di-swap yang digunakan proses (`RES`), banyaknya memori bersama yang digunakan proses (`SHR`), persentase penggunaan CPU (`%CPU`) dan memori (`%MEM`), waktu CPU yang terakumulasi (`TIME+`), dan nama berkas yang dapat dieksekusi (`COMMAND`). Misalnya:
~]$ top
top - 19:22:08 up 5:53, 3 users, load average: 1.08, 1.03, 0.82
Tasks: 117 total, 2 running, 115 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 9.3%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 85.1%id, 0.0%wa, 1.7%hi, 0.0%si, 2.6%st
Mem: 761956k total, 617256k used, 144700k free, 24356k buffers
Swap: 1540092k total, 55780k used, 1484312k free, 256408k cached
~]$ top
top - 19:22:08 up 5:53, 3 users, load average: 1.08, 1.03, 0.82
Tasks: 117 total, 2 running, 115 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 9.3%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 85.1%id, 0.0%wa, 1.7%hi, 0.0%si, 2.6%st
Mem: 761956k total, 617256k used, 144700k free, 24356k buffers
Swap: 1540092k total, 55780k used, 1484312k free, 256408k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
510 john 20 0 1435m 99m 18m S 9.0 13.3 3:30.52 gnome-shell
32686 root 20 0 156m 27m 3628 R 2.0 3.7 0:48.69 Xorg
2625 john 20 0 488m 27m 14m S 0.3 3.7 0:00.70 emacs
1 root 20 0 53128 2640 1152 S 0.0 0.3 0:02.83 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.18 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/u:0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 watchdog/0
8 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
11 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 sync_supers
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bdi-default
14 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
510 john 20 0 1435m 99m 18m S 9.0 13.3 3:30.52 gnome-shell
32686 root 20 0 156m 27m 3628 R 2.0 3.7 0:48.69 Xorg
2625 john 20 0 488m 27m 14m S 0.3 3.7 0:00.70 emacs
1 root 20 0 53128 2640 1152 S 0.0 0.3 0:02.83 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.18 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/u:0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 watchdog/0
8 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
11 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 sync_supers
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bdi-default
14 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd
xref:System_Monitoring_Tools.adoc#interactive-top-command[Interactive top commands] contains useful interactive commands that you can use with [command]#top#. For more information, refer to the *top*(1) manual page.
xref:System_Monitoring_Tools.adoc#interactive-top-command[Perintah top interaktif] berisi perintah interaktif yang berguna yang dapat Anda gunakan dengan [command]#top#. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat halaman manual *top*(1).

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Translation uploaded
~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
2 years ago
User avatar None

String updated in the repository
~]$ [command]#ps ax#
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0]
_[output truncated]_
 
2 years ago
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type: delimited block -
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no-wrap
Source string location
./pages/monitoring-and-automation/System_Monitoring_Tools.adoc:37
String age
2 years ago
Last updated
a year ago
Source string age
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Translation file
po/id/f34/pages/monitoring-and-automation/System_Monitoring_Tools.po, string 10