fedora-docs-l10n/fedora-coreos/master/pages/authentication — Chinese (Simplified) (zh_CN) @ Fedora Weblate: $ podman run -ti --rm quay.io/coreos/mkpasswd --method=yescrypt Password: $y$j9T$A0Y3wwVOKP69S.1K/zYGN.$S596l11UGH3XjN...

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	Using File References to SSH Keys	使用指向 SSH 密钥的文件引用
	Depending on the configuration variant and version you use, you can use local file references to SSH public keys instead of inlining them. The example from the xref:#_using_an_ssh_key[previous section] can thus be rewritten as follows:	根据所使用的配置变量和版本，可以使用 SSH 公钥的本地文件引用来代替内联。因此，xref:#_using_an_sssh_key[上一节]中的示例可改写如下：
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/core/id_rsa.pub - name: jlebon ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/jlebon/id_rsa.pub - users/jlebon/id_ed25519.pub - name: miabbott ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/miabbott/id_rsa.pub	variant: fcos version: 1.5.0 passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/core/id_rsa.pub - name: jlebon ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/jlebon/id_rsa.pub - users/jlebon/id_ed25519.pub - name: miabbott ssh_authorized_keys_local: - users/miabbott/id_rsa.pub
	You have to use `butane` with the `--files-dir` parameter to allow loading files from disk when converting to Ignition configurations for this to work.	在转换为 Ignition 配置时，必须使用 `butane` 和`--files-dir`参数，以允许从磁盘加载文件，这样才能正常工作。
	Check the https://coreos.github.io/butane/specs/[Configuration specifications] for more details and which versions of your selected variant support it. Generally, each file may contain multiple SSH keys, one per line, and you may additionally specify inline `ssh_authorized_keys` as well as long as the SSH keys are unique.	请查阅 https://coreos.github.io/butane/specs/[配置规范]，了解更多详情以及所选变体的支持版本。一般来说，每个文件可以包含多个 SSH 密钥，每行一个，只要 SSH 密钥是唯一的，还可以额外指定内联的 `ssh_authorized_keys`。
	SSH Key Locations	SSH 密钥位置
	https://man.openbsd.org/sshd_config[sshd] uses a https://github.com/coreos/ssh-key-dir[helper program], specified via the `AuthorizedKeysCommand` directive, to read public keys from files in a user's `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d` directory. The `AuthorizedKeysCommand` is tried after the usual `AuthorizedKeysFile` files (defaulting to `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`) and will not be executed if a matching key is found there. Key files in `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d` are read in alphabetical order, ignoring dotfiles.	https://man.openbsd.org/sshd_config[sshd] 使用通过 `AuthorizedKeysCommand` 指令指定的 https://github.com/coreos/ssh-key-dir[辅助程序]，从用户的 `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d` 目录中的文件读取公钥。 `AuthorizedKeysCommand`会在通常的 `AuthorizedKeysFile` 文件（默认为 `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`）之后进行尝试，如果在该文件中找到匹配的密钥，则不会执行该命令。 `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d` 中的密钥文件将按字母顺序读取，忽略点文件。
	Ignition writes configured SSH keys to `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/ignition`. On platforms where SSH keys can be configured at the platform level, such as AWS, Afterburn writes those keys to `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/afterburn`.	Ignition 会将配置的 SSH 密钥写入`~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/ignition`。在可平台级配置 SSH 密钥的平台（如 AWS）上，Afterburn 会将这些密钥写入 `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/afterburn`。
	To debug the reading of `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d`, manually run the helper program and inspect its output:	要调试 `~/.ssh/authorized_keys.d` 的读取，请手动运行辅助程序并检查其输出：
	/usr/libexec/ssh-key-dir	/usr/libexec/ssh-key-dir
	To view and validate the effective configuration for sshd, two test modes (`-t`, `-T`) are available as documented on the https://man.openbsd.org/sshd[manual pages].	要查看和验证 sshd 的有效配置，可使用两种测试模式（`-t`, `-T`），如 https://man.openbsd.org/sshd[手册页面] 所述。
	Using Password Authentication	使用密码验证
	Fedora CoreOS ships with no default passwords. You can use a Butane config to set a password for a local user. Building on the previous example, we can configure the `password_hash` for one or more users:	Fedora CoreOS 不提供默认密码。您可以使用 Butane 配置为本地用户设置密码。在上一个例子的基础上，我们可以为一个或多个用户配置`password_hash`：
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...	variant: fcos version: 1.4.0 passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...
	To generate a secure password hash, use `mkpasswd` from the `whois` package. Your Linux distro may ship a different `mkpasswd` implementation; you can ensure you're using the correct one by running it from a container:	要生成安全密码哈希值，请使用 `whois` 软件包中的 `mkpasswd`。你的 Linux 发行版可能会提供不同的 `mkpasswd` 实现；你可以通过在容器中运行它来确保使用的是正确的实现：
	$ podman run -ti --rm quay.io/coreos/mkpasswd --method=yescrypt Password: $y$j9T$A0Y3wwVOKP69S.1K/zYGN.$S596l11UGH3XjN...	$ podman run -ti --rm quay.io/coreos/mkpasswd --method=yescrypt Password: $y$j9T$A0Y3wwVOKP69S.1K/zYGN.$S596l11UGH3XjN...
	The `yescrypt` hashing method is recommended for new passwords. For more details on hashing methods, see `man 5 crypt`.	对于新密码，建议使用 `yescrypt` 散列方法。有关散列方法的更多详情，请参阅 `man 5 crypt`。
	The configured password will be accepted for local authentication at the console. By default, Fedora CoreOS does not allow <<_enabling_ssh_password_authentication,password authentication via SSH>>.	配置的密码将被接受用于控制台的本地身份验证。默认情况下，Fedora CoreOS 不允许 <<_enabling_ssh_password_authentication,password authentication via SSH>>。
	Configuring Groups	配置组
	Fedora CoreOS comes with a few groups configured by default: `root`, `adm`, `wheel`, `sudo`, `systemd-journal`, `docker`	Fedora CoreOS 默认配置了几个组：`root`, `adm`, `wheel`, `sudo`, `systemd-journal`, `docker`
	When configuring users via Butane configs, we can specify groups that the user(s) should be a part of.	通过 Butane 配置用户时，我们可以指定用户应加入的组。
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - wheel ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - wheel password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...	variant: fcos version: 1.4.0 passwd: users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - wheel ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - wheel password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...
	If a group does not exist, users should create them as part of the Butane config.	如果不存在组，用户应将其作为 Butane 配置的一部分进行创建。
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} passwd: groups: - name: engineering - name: marketing gid: 9000 users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - engineering - wheel ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - marketing - wheel password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...	variant: fcos version: 1.4.0 passwd: groups: - name: engineering - name: marketing gid: 9000 users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - engineering - wheel ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - marketing - wheel password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...
	Configuring Administrative Privileges	配置管理权限
	The easiest way for users to be granted administrative privileges is to have them added to the `sudo` and `wheel` groups as part of the Butane config.	要授予用户管理权限，最简单的方法是在 Butane 配置中将他们添加到 `sudo` 和 `wheel` 组。
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} passwd: groups: - name: engineering - name: marketing gid: 9000 users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - engineering - wheel - sudo ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - marketing - wheel - sudo password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...	variant: fcos version: 1.4.0 passwd: groups: - name: engineering - name: marketing gid: 9000 users: - name: core ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDHn2eh... - name: jlebon groups: - engineering - wheel - sudo ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQDC5QFS... - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIveEaMRW... - name: miabbott groups: - docker - marketing - wheel - sudo password_hash: $y$j9T$aUmgEDoFIDPhGxEe2FUjc/$C5A... ssh_authorized_keys: - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQDTey7R...
	Enabling SSH Password Authentication	启用 SSH 密码验证
	To enable password authentication via SSH, add the following to your Butane config:	要通过 SSH 启用密码验证，请在 Butane 配置中添加以下内容：
	variant: fcos version: {butane-latest-stable-spec} storage: files: - path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/20-enable-passwords.conf mode: 0644 contents: inline: \| # Fedora CoreOS disables SSH password login by default. # Enable it. # This file must sort before 40-disable-passwords.conf. PasswordAuthentication yes	variant: fcos version: 1.4.0 storage: files: - path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/20-enable-passwords.conf mode: 0644 contents: inline: \| # Fedora CoreOS disables SSH password login by default. # Enable it. # This file must sort before 40-disable-passwords.conf. PasswordAuthentication yes

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