fedora-docs-l10n/fedora-system-administrat/f26/pages/monitoring-and-automation/System_Monitoring_Tools — English @ Fedora Weblate: Index Device NRead NWritten Reads Writes LA1 LA5 LA15 NReadX …

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 Index Device     NRead  NWritten Reads Writes LA1 LA5 LA15    NReadX NWrittenX
...
    25    sda 216886272 139109376 16409   4894   ?   ?    ? 216886272 139109376
    26   sda1   2455552      5120   613      2   ?   ?    ?   2455552      5120
    27   sda2   1486848         0   332      0   ?   ?    ?   1486848         0
    28   sda3 212321280 139104256 15312   4871   ?   ?    ? 212321280 139104256

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	Most system performance data is available in the `UCD SNMP MIB`. The `systemStats` OID provides a number of counters around processor usage:
	~]$ [command]#snmpwalk localhost UCD-SNMP-MIB::systemStats# UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssIndex.0 = INTEGER: 1 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssErrorName.0 = STRING: systemStats UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssSwapIn.0 = INTEGER: 0 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssSwapOut.0 = INTEGER: 0 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssIOSent.0 = INTEGER: 0 blocks/s UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssIOReceive.0 = INTEGER: 0 blocks/s UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssSysInterrupts.0 = INTEGER: 29 interrupts/s UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssSysContext.0 = INTEGER: 18 switches/s UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuUser.0 = INTEGER: 0 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuSystem.0 = INTEGER: 0 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuIdle.0 = INTEGER: 99 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawUser.0 = Counter32: 2278 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawNice.0 = Counter32: 1395 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawSystem.0 = Counter32: 6826 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawIdle.0 = Counter32: 3383736 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawWait.0 = Counter32: 7629 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawKernel.0 = Counter32: 0 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawInterrupt.0 = Counter32: 434 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssIORawSent.0 = Counter32: 266770 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssIORawReceived.0 = Counter32: 427302 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssRawInterrupts.0 = Counter32: 743442 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssRawContexts.0 = Counter32: 718557 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuRawSoftIRQ.0 = Counter32: 128 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssRawSwapIn.0 = Counter32: 0 UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssRawSwapOut.0 = Counter32: 0
	In particular, the `ssCpuRawUser`, `ssCpuRawSystem`, `ssCpuRawWait`, and `ssCpuRawIdle` OIDs provide counters which are helpful when determining whether a system is spending most of its processor time in kernel space, user space, or I/O. `ssRawSwapIn` and `ssRawSwapOut` can be helpful when determining whether a system is suffering from memory exhaustion.
	More memory information is available under the `UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory` OID, which provides similar data to the [command]#free# command:
	~]$ [command]#snmpwalk localhost UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory# UCD-SNMP-MIB::memIndex.0 = INTEGER: 0 UCD-SNMP-MIB::memErrorName.0 = STRING: swap UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalSwap.0 = INTEGER: 1023992 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memAvailSwap.0 = INTEGER: 1023992 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalReal.0 = INTEGER: 1021588 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memAvailReal.0 = INTEGER: 634260 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalFree.0 = INTEGER: 1658252 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memMinimumSwap.0 = INTEGER: 16000 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memBuffer.0 = INTEGER: 30760 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memCached.0 = INTEGER: 216200 kB UCD-SNMP-MIB::memSwapError.0 = INTEGER: noError(0) UCD-SNMP-MIB::memSwapErrorMsg.0 = STRING:
	Load averages are also available in the `UCD SNMP MIB`. The SNMP table `UCD-SNMP-MIB::laTable` has a listing of the 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages:
	~]$ [command]#snmptable localhost UCD-SNMP-MIB::laTable# SNMP table: UCD-SNMP-MIB::laTable
	laIndex laNames laLoad laConfig laLoadInt laLoadFloat laErrorFlag laErrMessage 1 Load-1 0.00 12.00 0 0.000000 noError 2 Load-5 0.00 12.00 0 0.000000 noError 3 Load-15 0.00 12.00 0 0.000000 noError
	====== File System and Disk Information
	The `Host Resources MIB` provides information on file system size and usage. Each file system (and also each memory pool) has an entry in the `HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorageTable` table:
	~]$ [command]#snmptable -Cb localhost HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorageTable# SNMP table: HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorageTable
	Index Type Descr AllocationUnits Size Used AllocationFailures 1 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageRam Physical memory 1024 Bytes 1021588 388064 ? 3 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageVirtualMemory Virtual memory 1024 Bytes 2045580 388064 ? 6 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageOther Memory buffers 1024 Bytes 1021588 31048 ? 7 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageOther Cached memory 1024 Bytes 216604 216604 ? 10 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageVirtualMemory Swap space 1024 Bytes 1023992 0 ? 31 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageFixedDisk / 4096 Bytes 2277614 250391 ? 35 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageFixedDisk /dev/shm 4096 Bytes 127698 0 ? 36 HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrStorageFixedDisk /boot 1024 Bytes 198337 26694 ?
	The OIDs under `HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorageSize` and `HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorageUsed` can be used to calculate the remaining capacity of each mounted file system.
	I/O data is available both in `UCD-SNMP-MIB::systemStats` (`ssIORawSent.0` and `ssIORawRecieved.0`) and in `UCD-DISKIO-MIB::diskIOTable`. The latter provides much more granular data. Under this table are OIDs for `diskIONReadX` and `diskIONWrittenX`, which provide counters for the number of bytes read from and written to the block device in question since the system boot:
	~]$ [command]#snmptable -Cb localhost UCD-DISKIO-MIB::diskIOTable# SNMP table: UCD-DISKIO-MIB::diskIOTable
	Index Device NRead NWritten Reads Writes LA1 LA5 LA15 NReadX NWrittenX ... 25 sda 216886272 139109376 16409 4894 ? ? ? 216886272 139109376 26 sda1 2455552 5120 613 2 ? ? ? 2455552 5120 27 sda2 1486848 0 332 0 ? ? ? 1486848 0 28 sda3 212321280 139104256 15312 4871 ? ? ? 212321280 139104256
	====== Network Information
	Information on network devices is provided by the Interfaces MIB. `IF-MIB::ifTable` provides an SNMP table with an entry for each interface on the system, the configuration of the interface, and various packet counters for the interface. The following example shows the first few columns of `ifTable` on a system with two physical network interfaces:
	~]$ [command]#snmptable -Cb localhost IF-MIB::ifTable# SNMP table: IF-MIB::ifTable
	Index Descr Type Mtu Speed PhysAddress AdminStatus 1 lo softwareLoopback 16436 10000000 up 2 eth0 ethernetCsmacd 1500 0 52:54:0:c7:69:58 up 3 eth1 ethernetCsmacd 1500 0 52:54:0:a7:a3:24 down
	Network traffic is available under the OIDs `IF-MIB::ifOutOctets` and `IF-MIB::ifInOctets`. The following SNMP queries will retrieve network traffic for each of the interfaces on this system:
	~]$ [command]#snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifDescr# IF-MIB::ifDescr.1 = STRING: lo IF-MIB::ifDescr.2 = STRING: eth0 IF-MIB::ifDescr.3 = STRING: eth1 ~]$ [command]#snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifOutOctets# IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.1 = Counter32: 10060699 IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.2 = Counter32: 650 IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.3 = Counter32: 0 ~]$ [command]#snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifInOctets# IF-MIB::ifInOctets.1 = Counter32: 10060699 IF-MIB::ifInOctets.2 = Counter32: 78650 IF-MIB::ifInOctets.3 = Counter32: 0
	Extending Net-SNMP
	The Net-SNMP Agent can be extended to provide application metrics in addition to raw system metrics. This allows for capacity planning as well as performance issue troubleshooting. For example, it may be helpful to know that an email system had a 5-minute load average of 15 while being tested, but it is more helpful to know that the email system has a load average of 15 while processing 80,000 messages a second. When application metrics are available via the same interface as the system metrics, this also allows for the visualization of the impact of different load scenarios on system performance (for example, each additional 10,000 messages increases the load average linearly until 100,000).
	A number of the applications that ship with {MAJOROS} extend the Net-SNMP Agent to provide application metrics over SNMP. There are several ways to extend the agent for custom applications as well. This section describes extending the agent with shell scripts and Perl plug-ins. It assumes that the [package]net-snmp-utils and [package]net-snmp-perl packages are installed, and that the user is granted access to the SNMP tree as described in xref:System_Monitoring_Tools.adoc#sect-System_Monitoring_Tools-Net-SNMP-Configuring-Authentication[Configuring Authentication].
	====== Extending Net-SNMP with Shell Scripts
	The Net-SNMP Agent provides an extension MIB (`NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB`) that can be used to query arbitrary shell scripts. To specify the shell script to run, use the [option]`extend` directive in the `/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf` file. Once defined, the Agent will provide the exit code and any output of the command over SNMP. The example below demonstrates this mechanism with a script which determines the number of `httpd` processes in the process table.
	Using the proc directive
	The Net-SNMP Agent also provides a built-in mechanism for checking the process table via the [option]`proc` directive. See the snmpd.conf(5) manual page for more information.
	The exit code of the following shell script is the number of [command]#httpd# processes running on the system at a given point in time:
	#!/bin/sh

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