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RainerScript is a scripting language designed for processing network events and configuring event processors such as [application]*rsyslog*. RainerScript was first used to define expression-based filters, see xref:Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc#ex-expression-based_filters[Expression-based Filters]. The version of RainerScript in rsyslog version 7 implemented the `input()` and `ruleset()` statements, which permit the `/etc/rsyslog.conf` configuration file to be written in the new syntax. The new syntax differs mainly in that it is much more structured; parameters are passed as arguments to statements, such as input, action, template, and module load. The scope of options is limited by blocks. This enhances readability and reduces the number of bugs caused by misconfiguration. There is also a significant performance gain. Some functionality is exposed in both syntaxes, some only in the new one.
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`compress` — Enables compression of rotated log files. Similar directives include:
`compress` — 启用循环日志文件的压缩。类似的指令包括：
`nocompress`
 
`compresscmd` — Specifies the command to be used for compressing.
`compresscmd` — 指定用于压缩的命令。
`uncompresscmd`
 
`compressext` — Specifies what extension is to be used for compressing.
`compressext` — 指定用于压缩的扩展名。
`compressoptions` — Specifies any options to be passed to the compression program used.
`compressoptions` — 指定要传递给使用的压缩程序的任何选项。
`delaycompress` — Postpones the compression of log files to the next rotation of log files.
`delaycompress` — 将日志文件的压缩推迟到日志文件的下一个轮换。
`rotate _INTEGER_pass:attributes[{blank}]` — Specifies the number of rotations a log file undergoes before it is removed or mailed to a specific address. If the value 0 is specified, old log files are removed instead of rotated.
`rotate _INTEGER_pass:attributes[{blank}]` - 指定日志文件在被删除或邮寄到特定地址之前所经历的轮换次数。如果指定了值 0，旧的日志文件将被删除而不是轮换。
`mail _ADDRESS_pass:attributes[{blank}]` — This option enables mailing of log files that have been rotated as many times as is defined by the `rotate` directive to the specified address. Similar directives include:
`mail _ADDRESS_pass:attributes[{blank}]` - 此选项允许将已轮换多次的日志文件邮寄到指定地址。类似的指令包括：
`nomail`
 
`mailfirst` — Specifies that the just-rotated log files are to be mailed, instead of the about-to-expire log files.
`mailfirst` — 指定要邮寄刚刚轮换的日志文件，而不是即将过期的日志文件。
`maillast` — Specifies that the about-to-expire log files are to be mailed, instead of the just-rotated log files. This is the default option when `mail` is enabled.
`maillast` — 指定要邮寄即将到期的日志文件，而不是刚刚轮换的日志文件。这是启用“邮件”时的默认选项。
For the full list of directives and various configuration options, see the `logrotate(5)` manual page.
 
Using the New Configuration Format
使用新配置格式
indexterm:[rsyslog,new configuration format] In [application]*rsyslog* version 6, a new configuration syntax was introduced. This new configuration format aims to be more powerful, more intuitive, and to prevent common mistakes by not permitting certain invalid constructs. The syntax enhancement is enabled by the new configuration processor that relies on RainerScript. The legacy format is still fully supported and it is used by default in the `/etc/rsyslog.conf` configuration file.
indexterm:[rsyslog,new configuration format] 在 [application]*rsyslog* 版本 6 中，引入了新的配置语法。这种新的配置格式旨在更强大、更直观，并通过不允许某些无效构造来防止常见错误。语法增强由依赖 RainerScript 的新配置处理器启用。仍然完全支持旧格式，默认情况下在 `/etc/rsyslog.conf` 配置文件中使用它。
RainerScript is a scripting language designed for processing network events and configuring event processors such as [application]*rsyslog*. RainerScript was first used to define expression-based filters, see xref:Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc#ex-expression-based_filters[Expression-based Filters]. The version of RainerScript in rsyslog version 7 implemented the `input()` and `ruleset()` statements, which permit the `/etc/rsyslog.conf` configuration file to be written in the new syntax. The new syntax differs mainly in that it is much more structured; parameters are passed as arguments to statements, such as input, action, template, and module load. The scope of options is limited by blocks. This enhances readability and reduces the number of bugs caused by misconfiguration. There is also a significant performance gain. Some functionality is exposed in both syntaxes, some only in the new one.
RainerScript 是一种脚本语言，设计用于处理网络事件和配置事件处理器，例如 [application]*rsyslog*。RainerScript 最初用于定义基于表达式的过滤器，请参阅：请参阅：xref:Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc#ex-expression-based_filters[Expression-based Filters]。rsyslog 版本 7 中的 RainerScript 版本实现了 `input()` 和 `ruleset()` 语句，允许以新语法编写 `/etc/rsyslog.conf` 配置文件。新语法的不同之处主要在于它更加结构化。参数作为参数传递给语句，例如输入、操作、模板和模块加载。选项的范围受块的限制。这增强了可读性并减少了由错误配置引起的错误。还显著提高了性能。
Compare the configuration written with legacy-style parameters:
比较使用 legacy-style 参数编写的配置：
$InputFileName /tmp/inputfile
$InputFileTag tag1:
$InputFileStateFile inputfile-state
$InputRunFileMonitor
 
and the same configuration with the use of the new format statement:
和使用新格式声明的相同配置：
input(type="imfile" file="/tmp/inputfile" tag="tag1:" statefile="inputfile-state")
 
This significantly reduces the number of parameters used in configuration, improves readability, and also provides higher execution speed. For more information on RainerScript statements and parameters see xref:Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc#brid-Log_Files-Resources-Online[Online Documentation].
这显着减少了配置中使用的参数数量，提高了可读性，还提供了更高的执行速度。有关 RainerScript 语句和参数的更多信息，请参阅： xref:Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc#brid-Log_Files-Resources-Online[Online Documentation]。
Rulesets
规则集
indexterm:[rsyslog,rulesets] Leaving special directives aside, [application]*rsyslog* handles messages as defined by *rules* that consist of a filter condition and an action to be performed if the condition is true. With a traditionally written `/etc/rsyslog.conf` file, all rules are evaluated in order of appearance for every input message. This process starts with the first rule and continues until all rules have been processed or until the message is discarded by one of the rules.
indexterm:[rsyslog,rulesets]撇开特殊指令不谈，[application]*rsyslog* 按照 *rules* 处理消息，rules 由过滤条件和条件为真时要执行的操作组成。使用传统的 `/etc/rsyslog.conf` 文件，所有规则都按照每个输入消息的出现顺序进行评估。此过程从第一条规则开始，一直持续到所有规则都已处理完毕或消息被其中一条规则丢弃为止。
However, rules can be grouped into sequences called _rulesets_. With rulesets, you can limit the effect of certain rules only to selected inputs or enhance the performance of [application]*rsyslog* by defining a distinct set of actions bound to a specific input. In other words, filter conditions that will be inevitably evaluated as false for certain types of messages can be skipped. The legacy ruleset definition in `/etc/rsyslog.conf` can look as follows:
但是，可以将规则分组为称为 _rulesets_ 的序列。使用规则集，您可以将某些规则的影响仅限于选定的输入，或通过定义绑定到特定输入的一组不同的操作来提高 [application]*rsyslog* 的性能。换句话说，对于某些类型的消息，不可避免地会被评估为假的过滤条件可以被跳过。`/etc/rsyslog.conf` 中的旧规则集定义如下所示：
$RuleSet _rulesetname_
_rule_
_rule2_
 
The rule ends when another rule is defined, or the default ruleset is called as follows:
规则在定义另一个规则时结束，或者默认规则集被如下调用：
$RuleSet RSYSLOG_DefaultRuleset
 
With the new configuration format in rsyslog 7, the `input()` and `ruleset()` statements are reserved for this operation. The new format ruleset definition in `/etc/rsyslog.conf` can look as follows:
在 rsyslog 7 的新配置格式中，`input()` 和 `ruleset()` 语句被保留用于此操作。`/etc/rsyslog.conf` 中的新格式规则集定义如下所示：
ruleset(name="pass:attributes[{blank}]_rulesetname_pass:attributes[{blank}]") {
_rule_
_rule2_
call _rulesetname2_
…
}
 
Replace _rulesetname_ with an identifier for your ruleset. The ruleset name cannot start with `RSYSLOG_` since this namespace is reserved for use by [application]*rsyslog*. `RSYSLOG_DefaultRuleset` then defines the default set of rules to be performed if the message has no other ruleset assigned. With _rule_ and _rule2_ you can define rules in filter-action format mentioned above. With the `call` parameter, you can nest rulesets by calling them from inside other ruleset blocks.
将 _rulesetname_ 替换为您的规则集的标识符。规则集名称不能以 `RSYSLOG_` 开头，因为此命名空间保留给 [application]*rsyslog* 使用。如果消息没有分配其他规则集，则 `RSYSLOG_DefaultRuleset` 定义默认规则集。_rule_ 和 _rule2_ 定义上述过滤操作格式的规则。使用 `call` 参数，您可以通过从其他规则集块中调用它们来嵌套规则集。
After creating a ruleset, you need to specify what input it will apply to:
创建规则集后，您需要指定它应用于哪些输入：

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type: Plain text
Source string location
pages/monitoring-and-automation/Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.adoc:735
String age
2 years ago
Last updated
10 months ago
Source string age
4 years ago
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po/zh_Hans/f26/pages/monitoring-and-automation/Viewing_and_Managing_Log_Files.po, string 246