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English type: delimited block -
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
856/8560 · 856

This translation is currently locked.

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Working with the GRUB 2 Boot Loader
Bekerja dengan Boot Loader GRUB 2
**Editor’s Note**
 
_This guide is deprecated!_ Large parts of it are no longer current and it will not receive any updates. A series of shorter, topic-specific documentation will gradually replace it. For additional information about Grub version 2 on Fedora see https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/installing-grub2/[Bootloading with GRUB2].
 
{MAJOROSVER} is distributed with the GNU GRand Unified Boot loader (GRUB) version 2 boot loader, which allows the user to select an operating system or kernel to be loaded at system boot time. GRUB 2 also allows the user to pass arguments to the kernel.
 
Introduction to GRUB 2
Perkenalan ke GRUB 2
GRUB 2 reads its configuration from the `/boot/grub2/grub.cfg` file. This file contains menu information.
GRUB 2 membaca konfigurasinya dari berkas `/boot/grub2/grub.cfg`. Berkas ini memuat informasi menu.
The GRUB 2 configuration file, `grub.cfg`, is generated during installation, or by invoking the [application]*/usr/sbin/grub2-mkconfig* utility, and is automatically updated by [command]#grubby# each time a new kernel is installed. When regenerated manually using [application]*grub2-mkconfig*, the file is generated according to the template files located in `/etc/grub.d/`, and custom settings in the `/etc/default/grub` file. Edits of `grub.cfg` will be lost any time [application]*grub2-mkconfig* is used to regenerate the file, so care must be taken to reflect any manual changes in `/etc/default/grub` as well.
Berkas konfigurasi GRUB 2, `grub.cfg`, dihasilkan selama instalasi, atau dengan memanggil utilitas [application]*/usr/sbin/grub2-mkconfig*, dan secara otomatis diperbarui oleh [command]#grubby# setiap kali kernel baru dipasang. Ketika dibuat ulang secara manual menggunakan [application]*grub2-mkconfig*, berkas dihasilkan sesuai dengan berkas templat yang terletak di `/etc/grub.d/`, dan pengaturan khusus di berkas `/etc/default/grub`. Pengeditan `grub.cfg` akan hilang kapan saja [application]*grub2-mkconfig* digunakan untuk meregenerasi berkas, jadi harus berhati-hati untuk mencerminkan perubahan manual apa pun di `/etc/default/grub` juga.
Normal operations on `grub.cfg`, such as the removal and addition of new kernels, should be done using the [command]#grubby# tool and, for scripts, using [command]#new-kernel-pkg# tool. If you use [command]#grubby# to modify the default kernel the changes will be inherited when new kernels are installed. For more information on [command]#grubby#, see xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
Operasi normal pada `grub.cfg`, seperti penghapusan dan penambahan kernel baru, harus dilakukan menggunakan alat [command]#grubby# dan, untuk skrip, menggunakan alat [command]#new-kernel-pkg#. Jika Anda menggunakan [command]#grubby# untuk memodifikasi kernel baku, perubahan akan diwariskan ketika kernel baru dipasang. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang [command]#grubby#, lihat xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Membuat Perubahan yang Menetap ke Menu GRUB 2 Menu Memakai Alat grubby].
The `/etc/default/grub` file is used by the [command]#grub2-mkconfig# tool, which is used by `anaconda` when creating `grub.cfg` during the installation process, and can be used in the event of a system failure, for example if the boot loader configurations need to be recreated. In general, it is not recommended to replace the `grub.cfg` file by manually running `grub2-mkconfig` except as a last resort. Note that any manual changes to `/etc/default/grub` require rebuilding the `grub.cfg` file.
Berkas `/etc/default/grub` digunakan oleh alat [command]#grub2-mkconfig#, yang digunakan oleh `anaconda` saat membuat `grub.cfg` selama proses instalasi, dan dapat digunakan jika terjadi kegagalan sistem, misalnya jika konfigurasi boot loader perlu dibuat ulang. Secara umum, tidak disarankan untuk mengganti berkas `grub.cfg` dengan menjalankan `grub2-mkconfig` secara manual kecuali sebagai upaya terakhir. Perhatikan bahwa setiap perubahan manual ke `/etc/default/grub` memerlukan pembangunan kembali berkas `grub.cfg`.
Menu Entries in grub.cfg
Entri Menu di grub.cfg
Among various code snippets and directives, the `grub.cfg` configuration file contains one or more `menuentry` blocks, each representing a single GRUB 2 boot menu entry. These blocks always start with the `menuentry` keyword followed by a title, list of options, and an opening curly bracket, and end with a closing curly bracket. Anything between the opening and closing bracket should be indented. For example, the following is a sample `menuentry` block for {MAJOROSVER} with Linux kernel 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64:
Di antara berbagai cuplikan kode dan direktif, berkas konfigurasi `grub.cfg` berisi satu atau lebih blok `menuentry`, masing-masing mewakili satu entri menu boot GRUB 2. Blok-blok ini selalu dimulai dengan kata kunci `menuentry` diikuti dengan judul, daftar opsi, dan kurung kurawal pembuka, dan diakhiri dengan kurung kurawal penutup. Apa pun antara kurung pembuka dan penutup harus diindentasi. Misalnya, berikut ini adalah contoh blok `menuentry` untuk {MAJOROSVER} dengan kernel Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64:
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
Each `menuentry` block that represents an installed Linux kernel contains `linux` on 64-bit IBM POWER Series, `linux16` on x86_64 BIOS-based systems, and `linuxefi` on UEFI-based systems. Then the `initrd` directives followed by the path to the kernel and the `initramfs` image respectively. If a separate `/boot` partition was created, the paths to the kernel and the `initramfs` image are relative to `/boot`. In the example above, the `initrd /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img` line means that the `initramfs` image is actually located at `/boot/initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img` when the `root` file system is mounted, and likewise for the kernel path.
Setiap blok `menuentry` yang mewakili kernel Linux yang dipasang berisi `linux` pada IBM POWER Series 64-bit, `linux16` pada sistem berbasis BIOS x86_64, dan `linuxefi` pada sistem berbasis UEFI. Kemudian direktif `initrd` diikuti oleh path ke kernel dan image `initramfs` masing-masing. Jika partisi `/boot` terpisah dibuat, path ke kernel dan image `initramfs` relatif terhadap `/boot`. Dalam contoh di atas, baris `initrd /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img` berarti bahwa image `initramfs` sebenarnya terletak di `/boot/initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img` ketika sistem berkas `root` dikait, dan juga untuk path kernel.
The kernel version number as given on the `linux16 /vmlinuz-kernel_version` line must match the version number of the `initramfs` image given on the `initrd /initramfs-kernel_version.img` line of each `menuentry` block. For more information on how to verify the initial RAM disk image, see xref:kernel-module-driver-configuration/Manually_Upgrading_the_Kernel.adoc#sec-Verifying_the_Initial_RAM_Disk_Image[Verifying the Initial RAM Disk Image].
Nomor versi kernel seperti yang diberikan pada baris `linux16 /vmlinuz-kernel_version` harus cocok dengan nomor versi image `initramfs` yang diberikan pada baris `initrd /initramfs-kernel_version.img` dari setiap blok `menuentry`. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara memverifikasi image disk RAM awal, lihat xref:kernel-module-driver-configuration/Manually_Upgrading_the_Kernel.adoc#sec-Verifying_the_Initial_RAM_Disk_Image[Memverifikasi Image Initial RAM Disk].
In `menuentry` blocks, the `initrd` directive must point to the location (relative to the `/boot/` directory if it is on a separate partition) of the `initramfs` file corresponding to the same kernel version. This directive is called `initrd` because the previous tool which created initial RAM disk images, [command]#mkinitrd#, created what were known as `initrd` files. The `grub.cfg` directive remains `initrd` to maintain compatibility with other tools. The file-naming convention of systems using the [command]#dracut# utility to create the initial RAM disk image is `initramfs-_kernel_version_.img`.
Dalam blok `menuentry`, direktif `initrd` harus menunjuk ke lokasi (relatif terhadap direktori `/boot/` jika berada di partisi terpisah) dari berkas `initramfs` yang sesuai dengan versi kernel yang sama. Direktif ini disebut `initrd` karena alat sebelumnya yang membuat image disk RAM awal, [command]#mkinitrd#, menciptakan apa yang dikenal sebagai berkas `initrd`. Direktif `grub.cfg` tetap `initrd` untuk menjaga kompatibilitas dengan alat lain. Konvensi penamaan berkas sistem yang menggunakan utilitas [command]#dracut# untuk membuat image disk RAM awal adalah `initramfs-_kernel_version_.img`.
For information on using [application]*Dracut*, see xref:kernel-module-driver-configuration/Manually_Upgrading_the_Kernel.adoc#sec-Verifying_the_Initial_RAM_Disk_Image[Verifying the Initial RAM Disk Image].
Untuk informasi tentang menggunakan [application]*Dracut*, lihat xref:kernel-module-driver-configuration/Manually_Upgrading_the_Kernel.adoc#sec-Verifying_the_Initial_RAM_Disk_Image[Memverifikasi Image Initial RAM Disk].
Configuring the GRUB 2 Boot Loader
Mengonfigurasi Boot Loader GRUB 2
Changes to the GRUB 2 menu can be made temporarily at boot time, made persistent for a single system while the system is running, or as part of making a new GRUB 2 configuration file.
Perubahan pada menu GRUB 2 dapat dilakukan sementara pada saat boot, dibuat persisten untuk satu sistem saat sistem sedang berjalan, atau sebagai bagian dari pembuatan berkas konfigurasi GRUB 2 baru.
To make non-persistent changes to the GRUB 2 menu, see xref:#sec-Making_Temporary_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu[Making Temporary Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu].
Untuk membuat perubahan non-persisten pada menu GRUB 2, lihat xref:#sec-Making_Temporary_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu[Membuat Perubahan Sementara pada Menu GRUB 2].
To make persistent changes to a running system, see xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
Untuk membuat perubahan persisten pada sistem yang sedang berjalan, lihat xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Membuat Perubahan Persisten pada Menu GRUB 2 Menggunakan Alat grubby].
For information on making and customizing a GRUB 2 configuration file, see xref:#sec-Customizing_the_GRUB_2_Configuration_File[Customizing the GRUB 2 Configuration File].
Untuk informasi tentang membuat dan menyesuaikan berkas konfigurasi GRUB 2, lihat xref:#sec-Customizing_the_GRUB_2_Configuration_File[Menyesuaikan Berkas Konfigurasi GRUB 2].
Making Temporary Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu
Membuat Perubahan Sementara pada Menu GRUB 2
Making Temporary Changes to a Kernel Menu Entry
Membuat Perubahan Sementara pada Entri Menu Kernel
To change kernel parameters only during a single boot process, proceed as follows:
Untuk mengubah parameter kernel hanya selama satu proses boot, lanjutkan sebagai berikut:
Start the system and, on the GRUB 2 boot screen, move the cursor to the menu entry you want to edit, and press the kbd:[e] key for edit.
Mulai sistem dan, pada layar boot GRUB 2, gerakkan kursor ke entri menu yang ingin Anda edit, dan tekan tombol kbd:[e] untuk mengedit.
Move the cursor down to find the kernel command line. The kernel command line starts with `linux` on 64-Bit IBM Power Series, `linux16` on x86-64 BIOS-based systems, or `linuxefi` on UEFI systems.
Pindahkan kursor ke bawah untuk menemukan baris perintah kernel. Baris perintah kernel dimulai dengan `linux` pada 64-Bit IBM Power Series, `linux16` pada sistem berbasis BIOS x86-64, atau `linuxefi` pada sistem UEFI.
Move the cursor to the end of the line.
Memindahkan kursor ke akhir baris.

Loading…

User avatar None

Suggestion removed during cleanup
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
7 months ago
User avatar None

Automatically translated
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
7 months ago
User avatar mt:weblate-translation-memory

Suggestion added
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
10 months ago
User avatar None

String added in the repository
menuentry 'Fedora, with Linux 3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64-advanced-effee860-8d55-4e4a-995e-b4c88f9ac9f0' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint='hd0,msdos1' f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f19c92f4-9ead-4207-b46a-723b7a2c51c8
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
initrd16 /initramfs-3.17.4-301.fc21.x86_64.img
}
 
10 months ago
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17198254 String information

Source string description
type: delimited block -
Labels
Automatically translated
Flags
no-wrap
Source string location
./pages/kernel-module-driver-configuration/Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc:48
String age
10 months ago
Last updated
7 months ago
Source string age
a year ago
Translation file
po/id/f38/pages/kernel-module-driver-configuration/Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.po, string 12