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ptp_grandmaster_boundary_and_slaves.png
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Configuring PTP Using ptp4l
Configurar PTP Usando ptp4l
Introduction to PTP
Introducción a PTP
The _Precision Time Protocol_ (*PTP*) is a protocol used to synchronize clocks in a network. When used in conjunction with hardware support, `PTP` is capable of sub-microsecond accuracy, which is far better than is normally obtainable with `NTP`. `PTP` support is divided between the kernel and user space. The kernel in Fedora includes support for `PTP` clocks, which are provided by network drivers. The actual implementation of the protocol is known as [application]*linuxptp*, a `PTPv2` implementation according to the IEEE standard 1588 for Linux.
El _Protocolo de Tiempo de Precisión _ (*PTP*) es un protocolo usado para sincronizar relojes en una red. Cuando se usa en conjunto con el soporte de hardware, `PTP` es capaz de una precisión de sub microsegundos, que es mucho mejor de los que normalmente se obtiene con `NTP`. El soporte `PTP` se divide entre el núcleo y el espacio de usuario. El núcleo en Fedora incluye soporte para relojes `PTP`, que es proporcionado por controladores de red. La implementación actual del protocolo se conoce como [application]*linuxptp*, una implementación `PTPv2` de acuerdo con el estándar IEEE 1588 para Linux.
The [package]*linuxptp* package includes the [application]*ptp4l* and [application]*phc2sys* programs for clock synchronization. The [application]*ptp4l* program implements the `PTP` boundary clock and ordinary clock. With hardware time stamping, it is used to synchronize the `PTP` hardware clock to the master clock, and with software time stamping it synchronizes the system clock to the master clock. The [application]*phc2sys* program is needed only with hardware time stamping, for synchronizing the system clock to the `PTP` hardware clock on the _network interface card_ (*NIC*).
El paquete [package]*linuxptp* incluye los programas [application]*ptp4l* y [application]*phc2sys* para sincronización del reloj. El programa [application]*ptp4l* implementa el reloj de perímetro `PTP` y el reloj ordinario. Con sello de tiempo hardware, se utiliza para sincronizar el reloj hardware `PTP` al reloj maestro y con sello de tiempo software sincroniza el reloj del sistema al reloj maestro. El programa [application]*phc2sys* es necesario solo con sello de tiempo hardware, para la sincronización del reloj del sistema al reloj hardware `PTP` sobre la _tarjeta interfaz de red_ (*NIC*).
Understanding PTP
Entender PTP
The clocks synchronized by `PTP` are organized in a master-slave hierarchy. The slaves are synchronized to their masters which may be slaves to their own masters. The hierarchy is created and updated automatically by the _best master clock_ (*BMC*) algorithm, which runs on every clock. When a clock has only one port, it can be _master_ or _slave_, such a clock is called an _ordinary clock_ (*OC*). A clock with multiple ports can be master on one port and slave on another, such a clock is called a _boundary_ clock (*BC*). The top-level master is called the _grandmaster clock_, which can be synchronized by using a _Global Positioning System_ (*GPS*) time source. By using a GPS-based time source, disparate networks can be synchronized with a high-degree of accuracy.
Los relojes sincronizados por `PTP` están organizados en una jerarquía de maestro-esclavo. Los esclavos se sincronizan con sus maestros que pueden ser esclavos de sus propios maestros. La jerarquía se crea y se actualiza automáticamente por el algoritmo _best master clock_ (mejor reloj maestro) (*BMC*), que corre sobre cada reloj. Cuando un reloj tiene un solo puerto, puede ser _maestro_ o _esclavo_, dicho reloj se llama _ordinary clock_ (reloj ordinario) (*OC*). Un reloj con múltiples puertos puede ser maestro por un puerto y esclavo en otro, dicho reloj se llama reloj _boundary_ (perimetro) (*BC*). El nivel más alto de maestro es llamado _grandmaster clock_ (reloj gran maestro=) que puede ser sincronizado usando una fuente de tiempo _Global Positioning System_ (*GPS*) (Sistema de Posicionamiento Global). Usando una fuente de tiempo basada en GPS, redes dispares pueden ser sincronizadas con un alto grado de exactitud.
PTP grandmaster, boundary, and slave Clocks
Relojes PTP gran maestro, frontera y esclavo
An illustration showing PTP grandmaster
Una ilustración mostrando un PTP gran maestro
ptp_grandmaster_boundary_and_slaves.png
ptp_grandmaster_boundary_and_slaves.png
Advantages of PTP
Ventajas de PTP
One of the main advantages that `PTP` has over the _Network Time Protocol_ (*NTP*) is hardware support present in various _network interface controllers_ (*NIC*) and network switches. This specialized hardware allows `PTP` to account for delays in message transfer, and greatly improves the accuracy of time synchronization. While it is possible to use non-PTP enabled hardware components within the network, this will often cause an increase in jitter or introduce an asymmetry in the delay resulting in synchronization inaccuracies, which add up with multiple non-PTP aware components used in the communication path. To achieve the best possible accuracy, it is recommended that all networking components between `PTP` clocks are `PTP` hardware enabled. Time synchronization in larger networks where not all of the networking hardware supports `PTP` might be better suited for `NTP`.
 
With hardware `PTP` support, the NIC has its own on-board clock, which is used to time stamp the received and transmitted `PTP` messages. It is this on-board clock that is synchronized to the `PTP` master, and the computer's system clock is synchronized to the `PTP` hardware clock on the NIC. With software `PTP` support, the system clock is used to time stamp the `PTP` messages and it is synchronized to the `PTP` master directly. Hardware `PTP` support provides better accuracy since the NIC can time stamp the `PTP` packets at the exact moment they are sent and received while software `PTP` support requires additional processing of the `PTP` packets by the operating system.
 
Using PTP
 
In order to use `PTP`, the kernel network driver for the intended interface has to support either software or hardware time stamping capabilities.
 
Checking for Driver and Hardware Support
 
In addition to hardware time stamping support being present in the driver, the NIC must also be capable of supporting this functionality in the physical hardware. The best way to verify the time stamping capabilities of a particular driver and NIC is to use the [application]*ethtool* utility to query the interface as follows:
 
~]#{nbsp}ethtool -T em3
Time stamping parameters for em3:
Capabilities:
hardware-transmit (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_TX_HARDWARE)
software-transmit (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_TX_SOFTWARE)
hardware-receive (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RX_HARDWARE)
software-receive (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RX_SOFTWARE)
software-system-clock (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_SOFTWARE)
hardware-raw-clock (SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RAW_HARDWARE)
PTP Hardware Clock: 0
Hardware Transmit Timestamp Modes:
off (HWTSTAMP_TX_OFF)
on (HWTSTAMP_TX_ON)
Hardware Receive Filter Modes:
none (HWTSTAMP_FILTER_NONE)
all (HWTSTAMP_FILTER_ALL)
 
Where _em3_ is the interface you want to check.
 
For software time stamping support, the parameters list should include:
 
`SOF_TIMESTAMPING_SOFTWARE`
 
`SOF_TIMESTAMPING_TX_SOFTWARE`
 
`SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RX_SOFTWARE`
 
For hardware time stamping support, the parameters list should include:
 
`SOF_TIMESTAMPING_RAW_HARDWARE`
 

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Source string location
./pages/servers/Configuring_PTP_Using_ptp4l.adoc:23
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po/es/f35/pages/servers/Configuring_PTP_Using_ptp4l.po, string 9