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	English	Portuguese (Brazil)	Actions
	System Monitoring Tools	Ferramentas de Monitoramento de Sistema
	indexterm:[system information,gathering]indexterm:[information,about your system] In order to configure the system, system administrators often need to determine the amount of free memory, how much free disk space is available, how the hard drive is partitioned, or what processes are running.	indexterm:[informações do sistema, coleta]indexterm:[informações, sobre o seu sistema] Para configurar o sistema, os administradores do sistema frequentemente precisam determinar a quantidade de memória livre, quanto espaço livre em disco está disponível, como o disco rígido está particionado ou quais processos estão em execução.
	Viewing System Processes	Visualizando Processos do Sistema
	indexterm:[system information,processes]indexterm:[processes]	indexterm:[system information,processes]indexterm:[processes]
	Using the ps Command	Usando o comando ps
	indexterm:[ps] The [command]#ps# command allows you to display information about running processes. It produces a static list, that is, a snapshot of what is running when you execute the command. If you want a constantly updated list of running processes, use the [command]#top# command or the [application]System Monitor application instead.
	To list all processes that are currently running on the system including processes owned by other users, type the following at a shell prompt:	Para listar todos os processos em execução no sistema, incluindo processos de outros usuários, digite o seguinte no prompt de comando do shell:
	[command]#ps# [option]`ax`	[command]#ps# [option]`ax`
	For each listed process, the [command]#ps ax# command displays the process ID (`PID`), the terminal that is associated with it (`TTY`), the current status (`STAT`), the cumulated CPU time (`TIME`), and the name of the executable file (`COMMAND`). For example:
	~]$ [command]#ps ax# PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20 2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd] 3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0] 6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] _[output truncated]_	~]$ [command]#ps ax# PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20 2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd] 3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0] 6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] _[output truncated]_
	To display the owner alongside each process, use the following command:	Para exibir o proprietário ao lado de cada processo, use o seguinte comando:
	[command]#ps# [option]`aux`	[command]#ps# [option]`aux`
	Apart from the information provided by the [command]#ps ax# command, [command]#ps aux# displays the effective username of the process owner (`USER`), the percentage of the CPU (`%CPU`) and memory (`%MEM`) usage, the virtual memory size in kilobytes (`VSZ`), the non-swapped physical memory size in kilobytes (`RSS`), and the time or date the process was started. For instance:
	~]$ [command]#ps aux# USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.3 53128 2988 ? Ss 13:28 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20 root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kworker/u:0] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [migration/0] _[output truncated]_	~]$ [command]#ps aux# USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.3 53128 2988 ? Ss 13:28 0:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --system --deserialize 20 root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [kworker/u:0] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:28 0:00 [migration/0] _[output truncated]_
	You can also use the [command]#ps# command in a combination with [command]#grep# to see if a particular process is running. For example, to determine if [application]Emacs is running, type:	Você também pode usar o comando [command]#ps# em combinação com o [command]#grep# para verificar se um processo específico está em execução. Por exemplo, para verificar se o [application]Emacs está em execução, digite:
	~]$ [command]#ps ax \| grep emacs# 2625 ? Sl 0:00 emacs	~]$ [command]#ps ax \| grep emacs# 2625 ? Sl 0:00 emacs
	For a complete list of available command line options, refer to the ps(1) manual page.
	Using the top Command
	indexterm:[system information,processes,currently running]indexterm:[top] The [command]#top# command displays a real-time list of processes that are running on the system. It also displays additional information about the system uptime, current CPU and memory usage, or total number of running processes, and allows you to perform actions such as sorting the list or killing a process.

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