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# dnf install dhcp
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PXE-capable computer
PXE兼容的电脑
Most modern computers have the capability to network boot. Typically, a function key pressed during boot will bring up a boot selection menu. In environments designed for unattended administration, systems will often be configured to first attempt booting from the network, then boot from local storage, and the installation server is configured to only offer the installation when required. Your computer's manual will provide specific instructions on setting boot priorities.
大多数现代的电脑拥有网络启动的能力。典型的做法是在启动时按下一个功能键即可进入一个启动选择菜单。在非人工值守的环境中，系统通常被配置为首次尝试从网络启动，然后才从本地存储中启动，然后安装服务器就被配置为只在安装时才被需要。你的电脑的手册将提供在设置启动顺序上的、专业的信息。
DHCP Server
DHCP服务器
When a system requests an address during network booting, the DHCP server also provides the location of files to boot. A network should have only one DHCP server.
当一个操作系统在网络启动时需要一个地址时，DHCP服务器也将提供用于启动的文件的地址。一个网络需要有且仅有一个DHCP服务器。
TFTP Server
TFTP服务器
Because the pre-boot environment is very simple, files must be provided in a very simple way. Trivial File Transfer Protocol, or TFTP, provides the system with the bootloader required to continue the installation process.
由于预启动环境非常简单，所以文件必须以一种非常简单的方式被提供。普通文件传输协议，或TFTP，将系统提供给要求继续安装过程的bootloader。
Bootloader
Bootloader
Because the job of booting an operating system is too complex for the pre-boot environment, a bootloader is used to load the kernel and related files. It also provides configuration information to the installer, and can offer a menu to select from different configurations.
由于启动一个操作系统的工作对于预启动环境而言太过于复杂，所以需要一个bootloader来加载内核和相关的文件。它还为安装器提供配置信息，还能提供一个用于选择不同配置的菜单。
Kernel and Initramfs
内核和Initramfs
The kernel is the core of any Linux operating system, and the initramfs provides the kernel with required tools and resources. These files are also provided by tftp.
内核是任意Linux操作系统的核心，然后initramfs为内核提供需要的工具和资源。这些文件也被TFTP所提供。
Package repository
软件源
A Fedora repository must be available for the installation. The example in this section uses the public Fedora mirrors as the repository source, but you can also use a repo on the local network provided by NFS, FTP, or HTTP. Repositories can be configured using the [option]#inst.repo=# boot option; see xref:Boot_Options.adoc#sect-boot-options-sources[Specifying the Installation Source] for details.
一个Fedora软件源必须在安装过程中可用。本小节中的例子使用了Fedora官方软件源作为软件源，但你还可以用本地的、NFS、FTP或HTTP提供的软件源。软件源可以用[option]#inst.repo=#启动选项所配置，详见xref:Boot_Options.adoc#sect-boot-options-sources[指定安装资源]。
DHCP Server Configuration
DHCP服务器配置
Installing and configuring dhcpd
安装并配置dhcpd
Install the dhcp server package.
安装dhcp服务器软件包。
# dnf install dhcp
# dnf install dhcp
Create a simple configuration for the dhcp server at `/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf`
为dhcp服务器在`/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf`创建一个简单地配置
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
authoritative;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
ddns-update-style none;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
authoritative;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
ddns-update-style none;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
}
}
Test your configuration and address any problems you discover.
测试你的配置并且标出你发现的问题的位置。
[command]#systemctl start dhcpd#
[command]#journalctl --unit dhcpd --since -2m --follow#
[command]#systemctl start dhcpd#
[command]#journalctl --unit dhcpd --since -2m --follow#
Add entries to point clients to their bootloader and the server that provides it to your subnet configuration in `/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf`. Because DHCP clients provide the server with identifying information along with their address request, BIOS clients and UEFI clients can each be directed to the correct bootloader.
向点客户端的bootloader 中增加在`/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf`中的、提供的你的子网的地址。因为DHCP客户端提供服务器身份验证信息和地址请求，BIOS客户端和UEFI客户端均可被连接到正确的bootloader上。
# refer to RFC4758 for possible arch option values
option arch code 93 = unsigned integer 16;
# 查阅 RFC4758 以获取可能的选项和值
option arch code 93 = unsigned integer 16;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
if option arch = 00:07 {
filename "uefi/shim.efi";
} else {
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
if option arch = 00:07 {
filename "uefi/shim.efi";
} else {
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
next-server 192.168.1.2;
next-server 192.168.1.2;
...
...
Restart the dhcp service to check the configuration and make changes as needed.
重启dhcp服务来检查配置，并且如果需要的话就更改配置。
[command]#systemctl restart dhcpd#
[command]#journalctl --unit dhcpd --since -2m --follow#
[command]#systemctl restart dhcpd#
[command]#journalctl --unit dhcpd --since -2m --follow#
Installing the tftp server
安装tftp服务器
Install the tftp server package.
安装tftp服务器软件包。

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User avatar linuxbckp

Translation added

  1. fedora-docs-l10n/fedora-install-guide
  2. f27/pages/advanced/Network_based_Installations
  3. Chinese (Simplified)
# dnf install dhcp
# dnf install dhcp
a year ago
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English Chinese (Simplified)
install 安装 fedora-docs-l10n/fedora-install-guide

String information

Source string description
type: delimited block -
Flags
no-wrap
Source string location
./pages/advanced/Network_based_Installations.adoc:51
String age
3 years ago
Last updated
10 months ago
Source string age
4 years ago
Translation file
po/zh_Hans/f27/pages/advanced/Network_based_Installations.po, string 20